Printed by Oliver & Boyd,

Tweeddale Court, High Street, Edinburgh.

CONTENTS OF VOL. III.

CHAPTER I.

MANNERS AND SOCIAL LIFE IN AMERICA.

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Difficulty of the Subject-Effects of colonial Settlement-

Variations in different States-Virginia-The West-New

England-Religious Spirit-Philanthropy-Domestic good

Conduct-Industry - Political Violence-Timidity in ex-

pressing Opinion - Eagerness after Wealth-Rash Specu-

lations Laxity of Principle The Yankee Pedlar.

Pugnacious Disposition - National Vanity Curiosity

Good Temper-Strong Liquors - Temperance Societies.

Assumption of Equality-Attention to Ladies-Their Ap-

pearance and Character-Entertainments-Minor Defects in

Manners and Accommodation-Inns-Dishes and Cookery

-Differences throughout the Union-The New Englanders

-Southern Planters-Emigrants to the North-west-The

South-west-Society of Washington - Probable Improve-

.Page 9

ment,.

CHAPTER II.

SLAVES AND SLAVERY.

State and Extent of Slavery in the United States-Treatment

of the Negroes-How supplied with Food - Enactments

against their Instruction-Means of Religious Knowledge-

Internal Trade-Breeding of Slaves-Sales by Auction-

Mode of Conveyance-Treatment in the New States-Clan-

destine Importation-Situation of the Free Coloured Race-

Early Abolition Measures-Unsuccessful-Colonization So-

ciety-Anti-Slavery Society-Their Measures-Proceedings

of the Anti-Abolitionists-Seconded by the Northern Mer-

chants-By the Legislature-Present State of Parties -

Measures for Colonization-Their Tendency-Prospects of

the Cause,.

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.52

CHAPTER III.

RELIGION IN THE UNITED STATES.

Early Religious State-Effects of the Revolution-Adoption

of the Voluntary System-Respect for Religion-In New

England-In the South-Deficiency in the West-Sects-

Methodists-Baptists-Presbyterians-Congregationalists-

Episcopalians-Roman Catholics-Quakers-Unitarians, &c.

-Shakers-Rappites-Mormonites-Societies-Bible-Mis-

sionary-Home-Sabbath School-Revivals and Camp-Meet-

ings-General Result,

CHAPTER IV.

THE LITERATURE OF AMERICA.

.Page 78

Obstacles to Literature in America-Political Circumstances

-Want of Remuneration-State before the Revolution-

Decline-Gradual Revival and Progress-Branches-Ora-

tory-Otis - Henry-Fisher Ames-Everett -Webster—

Clay-Poetry-General Taste for it-Mode of Production-

Bryant - Percival-Dana-Sprague-Halleck-Brainard

- Pierpont-Willis-Wilcox-Longfellow-Neal - Doane

-Peabody-Prentice-Sands-Drake-Hillhouse-Lunt-

Clason-Whittier-Hoffman-Street-Gallagher - Pike-

Pinkney - Simms - Female Poets - Sigourney - Brooks

Hall-Welby-Gould-Lucretia and Margaret Davidson

-Various Others-Romances and Novels-Brown-Cooper

-Sedgwick, &c.-Essay-writing-Irving-Channing-His-

tory-Bancroft-Prescott-Historical Biography-Collec-

tions of Documents-Travellers-Lewis-Clarke-School-

craft-Robinson-Stephens-Catlin, &c.-Statistics,.......98

CHAPTER V.

GEOLOGY-BOTANY-ZOOLOGY.

SECTION 1. GEOLOGY.-Natural Divisions-Alleghany Moun-

tains-Lines of Elevation and Depression-Primary Rocks-

Gold-Transition Rocks-Cliff Limestone-Lead-mines-

Salt-springs-Rock-salt- Old Red Sandstone - Mountain

Limestone - Iron-mines-Coal Formation- Anthracite-

Bituminous Coal-Richmond Coal-field-New Red Sandstone

-Ornithichnites-Oolite-Chalk Formation-Tertiary De-

posits-Drift-Polished Rocks-Alluvium-Infusoria-Ex-

tinct Mammalia-Review of Changes. SECTION II. BOTANY.—

Botanical Regions-Natural Families-Ranunculaceae-May

Apple-Papaveracea - Magnolias-Aniseed-tree- Umbel-

liferæ-Ginseng-Vines- Pitcher-plants-Tree-primrose —

Witch Hazel-Dogwood-Cactaceae-Cruciferæ-Violets-

Passion-flowers-Loblolly Bay-Maples - Buck's Eye-

Lime-trees--Euphorbiacea-Roses-Leguminous Plants-

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Locust-tree-Sumach-Hornbeam-Beech-Chesnut - Oak

-Birch - Mulberry- Elm-Walnut- Hickory-Willow-

Plane-tree-Sweet Gum-Laurel-Andromeda - Azalea -

Holly-Compositæ-Golden Rod-Labiata-Solanaceae-

Ash-Pines -Cabbage-tree- Liliaceæ Grasses Conclu-

sion. SECTION III. ZOOLOGY.-Birds-Vulture-Bald Eagle-

Bird of Washington-Osprey-Buzzards-Hawks-Screech-

owl-Virginian Owl - Chuck-Will's-Widow-Whip-poor-

Will-Night Hawk-Chimney-swallow-Purple Martin

Humming-bird-Nuthatch-Wrens - Thrushes - Mocking-

bird-Fly-catcher-King Bird-Blue Jay-Crow-Raven-

Grakle Oriole - Rice-birds- Indigo-bird- Nonpareil-

Carolina Parrot-Woodpecker-Cuckoo-Passenger Pigeon

-Turtle-dove-Turkey-Quail-Ruffed Grouse Crane-

Heron-Ibis-Snipe-Woodcock-Rail-Canada Goose-

Widgeon-Wood-duck-Snake-bird-Gulls-Petrels - Dol-

chick.

Reptiles-Tortoises

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Cayman-Rattlesnakes

Frogs-Salamander. Fishes-Perch-Weakfish-Drums-

Sheep's Head - Mackerel -Mullet-Carp-Pike-Flying-

fish - Salmon-Smelt - Herring - Sturgeon

sis,....

CHAPTER VI.

TOPOGRAPHICAL SURVEY.

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Amblyop-

..Page 201

Plan of this Survey-General Divisions:-I. The New Eng-

land States-Massachusetts-Connecticut-Rhode Island-

New Hampshire-Vermont-Maine-Boundaries-Extent-

Seacoast-Surface Mountains — Rivers - Industry-Pro-

ductions, &c.-Return of chief Articles of Produce by the

Census of 1840-Population of Cities and Towns in 1840-

Description of Boston, Lowell, Providence, and other Places.

II. Middle States-New York-Pennsylvania-New Jersey

-Boundaries-Extent, &c.-Returns by Census of 1840-

Description of New York, Philadelphia, &c. III. Virginia

-Maryland-Columbia-Delaware-Boundaries - Extent,

&c.-Returns by Census of 1840-Description of Washing-

ton, Baltimore, Richmond, &c. IV. The Carolinas-Georgia

-Alabama-Florida-Boundaries-Extent, &c.-Returns by

Census of 1840-Description of Charleston, Savannah, Mo-

bile, &c.-North-western States-Ohio-Indiana-Illinois

-Michigan, &c.-Boundaries - Extent, &c. - Returns by

Census of 1840-Description of Cincinnati, Detroit, &c.—

South-western States-Kentucky - Tennessee - Mississippi

-Louisiana-Missouri-Arkansas, &c.-Boundaries-Ex-

tent, &c.-Returns by Census of 1840-Description of New

Orleans, Louisville, Lexington, St Louis, &c.,.·

CHAPTER VII.

EMIGRATION TO THE UNITED STATES.

..Page 283

General Remarks-Early Western Settlements-Boone-Hen-

derson-Obstacles during the War-Acquisition of Ohio-

Early Sales of Land-New Plan in 1804-Embarrassments

under it-Change in 1820-Amount since sold-Purchases

on Speculation-Impositions practised-Squatters-Settle-

ment on improved Farms-Comparison of different States-

Sales in each-Advantages of improved Districts - British

America and the States-Timbered Land and Prairie-

Modes of Conveyance Westward--By Waggon-By Canals

and Railways-Employment for Operatives-Wages in dif-

ferent Trades,...

.330

CHAPTER VIII.

CONCLUDING HISTORICAL SKETCH.

Object proposed-State of America after the War-Transac-

tions with the Barbary States-Election of Monroe-State

of Parties under him-Disputes with Spain-Cession of

Florida-Question of Slavery in Missouri-South American

Republics acknowledged-Tariff of 1824-Presidency of

Quincy Adams-Tariff of 1828-Presidency of Jackson

-His Policy-Veto on a National Bank - North-West

Indian War-Carolina resists the Tariff-Compromise-

Jackson re-elected-Measures against the Bank-Plan for

Removal of the Indians-Seminole War-Treaty with France

-Finances-State of Parties-Van Buren President-Great

Financial Embarrassment-Civil War in Canada-Disturb-

ances on the Frontier-Boundary Dispute-Election of Har-

rison-His Death-Tyler President-His Measures-Offends

the Whig Party-Arrest of Macleod-His Acquittal-Dis-

turbances in Rhode Island-State of Parties-Repudiation

by the States-Finances-Oregon Question,.............

APPENDIX,....

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