REPRESENTATIONS OF ALL VOWEL SOUNDS.

ā āte, āid, māy, break, gāuge, gãol, āye.

ă: ǎt, plăid, guărăntée.

ä ärm, äunt, heärt, guärd, bazaar.

â dâre, fâir, beâr, prâyer, Aâron.

ȧ ask (when followed by the smooth r, it becomes â). a fall, awe, fraud, awl.

a: was.

a senâte, ravage (long a in unaccented syllables).

=

a (unmarked ě) many, said, says; (a = û) liar; as in final (marked by Worcester as obscure; left unmarked by Webster).

ē: mē, eat, beef, thief, deceit, kēy, people, Portuguese, Aēgis, oesophagus.

ě mět, head, diaĕresis, hěifer, jeopardy, friend, Oědipus, guěst.

ê: êvent, crêate (long ē in unaccented syllables).

e (unmarked 1) pretty, been; (= ä) sergeant; recent (marked by Worcester as obscure; left unmarked by Webster). i: ice, die, guide, height, aisle.

î: fîr.

Ĭ: it, duties, built, captain, foreign, carriage, tortoise.

i: idea (long i in unaccented syllables).

ï: police.

ō nō, oats, blow, four, hōe, door, yeōman, ōwe.

Ŏ on, knowledge, lough.

o do, bloom (or oo), shoe.

ô bôrn, bôught, brôad, George, extraordinary o wolf, brook (or oo).

õ: work.

3. CONSONANTS. REGULAR SOUNDS.

ç soft, like s (mercy); e hard, like k (eat); ch, unmarked, as in child; ch soft, like sh (chaise); g (or unmarked) hard (go); g soft, like j (age); th sharp, unmarked (thin); th flat, or vocal (thee); ng, unmarked (sing); n (sink); x, like ğz (exact); x, unmarked, like ks (extreme); ş, like z (is); qu, unmarked, like kw (quite); wh, unmarked, like hw (when).

4. CONSONANTS. EQUIVALENTS.

=

=

gh = p (hiccough); gh = f (cough); d= t (looked); di j (soldier); ph = f (Philip); c, ce, or ci=sh (ocean); s, se, or si= sh (nauseous, mission, sure); t or ti sh (nation, partial, patient); sc or sci=sh (conscience); ph = v (Stephen); x = z (Xenophon); x = ksh (noxious, luxury); s or sizh (vision); z or zi= zh (azure, glazier); t or ti zh (transition); g = zh (rouge); fv (of); sc = zz (discern); c=z (suffice); ss =zz (hussa:).

*Use other consonants with these sounds in the same way as m is used in the above lines; e. g., instead of m-ā mā, m-ē mē, etc., give the line, b-ā bā, b-ē bē, etc. Every vowel sound in our language is given on this page. There are many equivalents, but no other vowel sounds. These combinations are given to teach the proper discriminations, and to develop the vocal organs. It is a good exercise to sing them to the scale, with one, two, or more utterances of each sound to each tone of the scale.

NOTE.-Pronounce both words slowly, dwelling on the sound you wish to teach. After giving the word several times, make the word from the sounds. Begin with one easy word, and go very slowly.

REPRESENTATIONS OF ALL VOWEL SOUNDS.

à: āte, āid, māy, breāk, ģāuge, gāol, āye.

ă: ăt, plăid, guărăntēe.

ä: ärm, äunt, heärt, guärd, bazäar.

â: dâre, fâir, beâr, prâyer, Aâron.

ȧ: åsk (when followed by the smooth r, it becomes â). a fall, awe, fraud, awl.

a: was.

a senâte, ravage (long à in unaccented syllables).

=

a (unmarked ě) many, said, says; (a = û) liar; as in final (marked by Worcester as obscure; left unmarked by Webster).

ē mē, eat, beef, thief, deceit, kēy, pēople, Portuguese, Aēgis, oesophagus.

ě mět, head, diaĕresis, hěifer, jeopardy, friend, Oědipus, guěst.

e: they, veil, mêlee.

ê: thêre, thêir, mêlee.

ẽ: hẽr, hẽard, guerdon.

ê: êvent, crêate (long ē in unaccented syllables).

e: (unmarked = Ĭ) pretty, been; (= ä) sergeant; recent (marked by Worcester as obscure; left unmarked by Webster). i: ice, die, guide, height, aisle.

î: fîr.

Ĭ: ĭt, duties, built, captain, foreign, carriage, tortoise.

i: idea (long i in unaccented syllables).

ï: polïce.

ō: nō, ōats, blow, fōur, hōe, dōor, yeōman, ōwe.

Ŏ: on, knowledge, lough.

o do, bloom (or oo), shoe.

ô bôrn, bôught, brôad, George, extraordinary

:

o wolf, brook (or oo).

ō: work.